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You can help HowTo Wiki by expanding it. A window manager, however, needs to intercept these requests. For example, a window manager may need to know that a new top level window has been created and displayed, in order to draw window decorations e.
It may also need to know that an existing top level window has been resized, in order to redraw the window decorations to reflect the change. The mechanism that allows a window manager to intercept such requests is called substructure redirection.
This is how substructure redirection works. Suppose we have a window W. If a program M registers for substructure redirection on W , a matching request to modify any direct child window of W will not be executed by the X server.
Instead, the X server redirects this request to the program M , which can do whatever it wants with the request, including denying the request outright or granting the request with modifications. More formally,.
The structure , as the term is used here, is the location, size, stacking order, border width, and mapping status of a window. The substructure is all these statistics about the children of a particular window. This is the complete set of information about screen layout that the window manager might need in order to implement its policy.
Note that only direct children of a window W is affected by substructure redirection on W , not any windows further down the hierarchy. When the window manager selects SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, an attempt by any other client to change the configuration of any child of the root window will fail. Instead an event describing the layout change request will be sent to the window manager.
The window manager then reads the event and determines whether to honor the request, modify it, or deny it completely. If it decides to honor the request, it calls the routine that the client called that triggered the event with the same arguments.
If it decides to modify the request, it calls the same routine but with modified arguments. In other words, a window manager must register for substructure redirection on the root window, which causes all creation, destruction, reconfiguration etc. This is the magic hook into the X server that window managers rely on to do their job. Finally, the X server only allows one running program to register for substructure redirection on any given window at any given time.
An attempt to register for substructure redirection on a window will fail if another X client has already done the same on the same window, and has not unregistered, disconnected from the X server, or crashed.
Since all window managers must register for substructure redirection on the root window, this latter acts as a locking mechanism that prevents two or more window managers from running simultaneously on the same screen. In the example dialog box above, we see a title bar with, for example, little buttons for minimizing, maximizing, and closing the window.
These UI elements are not created by the application, but by the window manager, via a process known as reparenting or framing :. A window manager can decorate [top level] windows on the screen with titlebars and place little boxes on the titlebar with which the window can be moved or resized. Code: Select all Note that on most Debian systems tty7 is used by the X Window System, so if you want to add more getty's go ahead but skip tty7 if you run X.
Code: Select all gimp --display Code: Select all startx -- :1 -depth 8. Last edited by garrincha on , edited 6 times in total. Maurice Green on Usain Bolt's 9. Post by Scotti » Lots of great info there, garrincha. Thanks for adding it. When I wrote this I kept the new Linux user in mind. That's why my post is fairly short, but simple and to the point. When I scanned the How-to section, I didn't find a thread for it.
Therefor, I felt the need to write. Adding more detailed info to this thread like garrincha has done is great and is encouraged. Post by frenchninja » Thanks Scotti for writing this.
Lately it seems that every second or third post on this forum is 'I got a black screen and no GUI'. Hopefully with a search, folk can get onto this guide first and save themselves some time. Post by synux » This should be sticky.. Don't dream your life; live your dream! Post by The Seeker » synux wrote: This should be sticky.. Install a Desktop Environment Code: Select all apt-get install gnome. Seizure warnings Photosensitive seizure warning.
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